atomLITHIUMatom

SYMBOLLi
ATOMIC NUMBER3
ATOMIC WEIGHT6.941
GROUP NUMBER1
STANDARD STATESOLID
COLOURSILVERY WHITE
DISCOVERED1817 BY JOHANN ARFREDSON AT STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
ORIGIN OF NAMEFROM THE GREEKLITHOS MEANING STONE
USES
  • HEAT TRANSFER APPLICATIONS DUE TO HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY
  • ALLOYING AGENT, PARTICULARLY LIGHWEIGHT ALUMINIUM AND MAGNESIUM ALLOYS
  • SYNTHESIS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
  • NUCLEAR APPLICATIONS
  • BATTERY ANODE MATERIAL DUE TO HIGH ELECTROCHEMICAL POTENTIAL
  • SPECIAL GLASSES AND CERAMICS
  • INDUSTRIAL DRYING SYSTEMS
  • COMPOUNDS ARE USED AS LUBRICANTS AND IN DRY CELLS AND STORAGE BATTERIES
ATOMIC RADIUS1.52 * 10-10M
COMPOUNDS
  • Li(-I) LITHIUM SOLUTIONS IN LIQUID AMMONIA
  • Li(I) Li2CO3,LiO2, LiOH, LiAlH4, LiF, LiCl AND OTHER COMPLEXES AND SALTS
EFFECTIVE NUCLEAR CHARGE (Slater)1.30
DENSITY534 KgM-3
MELTING POINT453.69 K
BOILING POINT 1620 K
ENTHALPY OF FUSION4.60 KJMol-1
ENTHALPY OF VAPOURISATION134.7 KJMol-1
ISOTOPESLi-7 AND Li-9 (Radioactive)
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION1S22S1
FIRST IONISATION ENERGY513.3 KJMol-1
ELECTRON AFFINITY59.6 KJMol-1
SOURCESMINED IN THE U.S.A. AND RECOVERED FROM BRINE
GENERAL INFORMATIONLOW DENSITY SOILD WHICH TARNISHES EASILY IN AIR TO GIVE IT A GREY SURFACE

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