5. Associated Behaviours

Many, though not all, patients with Tourette's Syndrome exhibit behavioural problems as well as tics. Due to its nature, studies of Tourette's Syndrome show significant overlap between neurology and psychiatry. The most frequently reported behavioural symptoms are attention deficit disorders (mainly ADHD), obsessions, compulsions, impulsivity, irritability, aggression, immaturity, self-injurious behaviours, and depression.

ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)

ADHD occurs in 60% of patients suffering from Tourette's Syndrome. Often children show signs of hyperactivity before its onset. However, it must be noted that ADHD is a disease within itself and a child suffering from ADHD will not necessarily go on to develop Tourette's Syndrome.

Common manifestations of ADHD are:

• Fidgeting of the hands or feet
• Difficulty remaining seated when required to do so
• Lack of concentration
• Impatience
• Disobedience
• Being unable to complete one task before moving on to another

Academic Problems

A child suffering from Tourette's Syndrome often experiences difficulties in a learning environment. Problems stem from their disruptive behaviour as teachers are put under pressure to maintain control in the classroom. Particular problems are:

• Difficulty organizing work
• Excessive loudness
• Talking during lessons
• Interrupting others
• Lack of attention
• Disregard of the dangers of certain physical activities