·   It is important to remember also that calculation of the vibrational frequencies can only be done meaningfully at a stationary point - i.e. the geometry must be optimized first. 

 

·   A frequency calculation on a structure produced by a normal mode analysis can tell us if the structure really is a minimum. 

 

·   At a minimum, all the 3N-6 eigenvalues are positive, so all the calculated frequencies will be positive.  For the calculation on water, all the frequencies are positive, so it really is a minimum energy geometry. 

 

Next: normal mode analysis for a transition state structure