Linus Carl Pauling
February 28th, 1901 (Portland, Oregon, USA) - August 19th, 1994
Linus Pauling was one of the most prominent scientists of the twentieth century and an opponent to nuclear weapons. He was awarded the nobel prize in chemistry in 1954 for his work on the molecular structure of proteins, and the nobel prize in peace in 1962 for his efforts to halt nuclear testing. 

He had a chair at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena and at Stanford University. In 1973, he founded the "Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine" in Palo Alto, California. He was also famous for his promotion of vitamin C. Pauling's controversial thesis was that high doses of vitamin C would help not only in the prevention of the common cold but also in the prevention of cancer.